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Fertilizer-Use Efficiency Of Different Phosphate Sources on Saline And Alkali Soils

Saline and alkali soil conditions reduce the value and the productivity of considerable areas of land in the world. For agricultural purposes, such soils are regarded as a class of problem soils that requires special remedial measures and management practices.

CHANHEN has been committed to manage the saline and alkali soilsusing acid-fertilizer in Xinjiang china for three years. Many field experiments showed the acid-fertilizer had significant effect on the increasing crop yield in the saline and alkali soils.

In 2016, a new test place was selected in Gansu province, china. The climate of the experimental site belongs to arid climate type. The annual average rainfall is 184.9mm, and the annual evaporation amount is as high as 3038.1mm. The detailed indicators are shown in the following table.


Table1:the main index of the experimental soil

Item

Sand

Clay

Coarse silt fine

Silt fine

ESP

EC

pH

value

18%

28%

28%

26%

6.45%

1.9ds/m

8.2


Ⅰ.  Potato field Experiment

      1. Materials and methods

Potato field experiment was carried out with 5 treatments. Compared with the diammonium phosphate(T1,DAP), the experiment with other three phosphates was conducted(T2-T4). Every treatment was designed with equal N ,P2O5and K2Olevels, with three replicates in a completely randomized design.


Table2:The five treatments of the potato field experiment

treatments

Phosphate

pH value

T0

——

——

T1

DAP(18-46-0

8.0

T2

MAP(12-60-0

4.7

T3

APP(14-64-0

6.0

T4

PCA(0-56-0

2.3


      2. Results

?  The potatos grow best in the T3 and T4 groups, it means the phosphate of APP and PCA can significantly promote the overground part growth of potato.

a.      Compared with group T1, the height of potatoes plant in T3 and T4 could be increased by 1500px.

b.      DAP can increase the stem and leaf weight, but the tuber weight is lower.


Table3:The effect of different phosphate treatments on the potato plant growth

Treatments

Plant  height(cm)

Stem  and leaf weight (kg/mu)

Tuber  weight (kg/mu)

Plant  weight

(kg/mu)

T0

56.25

139.00 c

815.69 c

954.69 c

T1(DAP)

57.30

990.02 a

1280.35 bc

2270.36 b

T2(MAP)

97.17

421.45 bc

1738.81 ab

2160.27 b

T3(APP)

120.46

854.39 ab

2311.34 a

3165.73 a

T4(PCA)

112.70

445.92 bc

2192.86 a

2638.78 ab

?  The APP and PCA treatments had the highest yield. Compared with MAP,APP treatment can increase production and commodity rate by 33% and 15%respectively.


Ⅱ.  Maize field Experiment

      1. Materials and methods

Maize field experiment was carried out with 5 treatments. Compared with the diammonium phosphate(T1,DAP), the experiment with other three phosphates was conducted(T2-T4). Every treatment was designed with equal N ,P2O5and K2O levels, with three replicates in a completely randomized design.


Table1:The five treatments of the potato field experiment

treatments

Phosphate

pH value

T0

——

——

T1

DAP(18-46-0

8.0

T2

MAP(12-60-0

4.7

T3

APP(14-64-0

6.0

T4

PCA(0-56-0

2.3


      2. Results

?  Compared with T1, the maize grow better in the T2,T3 and T4 groups,it means the acid phosphate can significantly promote the overground partgrowth of maize.


Table2:The effect of different phosphate treatments on the maize plant growth

Treatments

Plant  height(cm)

Stem  diameter(cm)

Ear  length(cm)

Barren  ear tip length(cm)

T0

214.97 d

15.54 e

16.82 c

2.60 a

T1(DAP)

237.38 c

17.50 cd

19.94 ab

1.09 b

T2(MAP)

249.07 ab

18.25 bcd

20.03 ab

0.60 bcd

T3(APP)

246.97 bc

19.05 abc

20.46 a

0.24 cd

T4(PCA)

251.70 ab

19.92 a

20.62 a

0.24 cd

?  The T3 and T4 treatments had the highest yield. Compared with T1, the maize yield increased by 40%.


Table3:The effect of different phosphate treatments on the maize yield

Treatments

Yield (kg/mu)

T0

448.63 d

T1(DAP)

589.11 c

T2(MAP)

705.82 b

T3(APP)

825.78 a

T4(PCA)

822.91 a


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